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描述
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描述
光焱科技的 TPCV 系统有 4 个主要特色：
- 高速时间分辨率 High Time-Resolution
- 卓越信噪比 High Signal/ Noise Ratio
- 多功能且直观的软件 Versatile and intuitive software
- 超高性價比 High Cost-Performance Ration
特点
1. 高速时间分辨率
TPC/TPV测试需要能够应对极快速时间分辨的高速仪器，这在涉及到微秒甚至纳秒等级超短时间范围，对许多检测设备而言是一个重大挑战。
光焱科技（Enlitech）的TPCV测试仪使用的激发激光器工作在520nm波长，具有以纳秒计的快速上升和下降时间。
这种快速操作对于研究所有类型的钙钛矿PVK和有机太阳能电池OPV中的瞬态光电流是精准量测的重要关键。
2. 卓越信躁比
TPC/TPV 訊號很精密，很容易被測量系統內的雜訊所掩蓋。未能獲得準確的 TPC/TPV 數值，檢測設備需要最大限度地減少各種雜訊以提高精度與準確度。
Enlitech 的 TPCV 测试仪集成了二十年在光学与电学等信号处理和降噪方面的专业知识。 从系统的设计，包括布线、信号处理电路、电磁屏蔽等方面，都表现出优异的噪声抑制能力。 这使得测试数据具有高信噪比，从而获得更精确的结果，并使研究人员有信心进一步改进他们的研究结果。
3. 多功能且直观的软件-简化的流程和有效的数据创建
一般来说，TPC/TPV测试系统整合了各种先进的硬件设备，例如超快激光和电子信号撷取设备，例如信号抓取卡或示波器等。 使用这些设备可以让我们撷取准确的电子信号并进行分析。 将这些信号数据准确地传输到计算机系统。 随后，这些捕获的信号数据将被发送到专用的分析程序进行处理。 在程序中，我们使用特定的公式对信号数据进行拟合和分析，以便解析和理解这些数据。 这个过程有助于我们深入了解钙钛矿或有机太阳能电池装置的性能。
在 TPC/TPV 测试过程中，一套全面且整合的软件可以显著提升用户效率并快速产生高质量数据。 光焱科技的 TPCV 测试仪软件拥有此类多任务处理能力和使用者友善的接口。 它不仅可以控制各种硬件设备，还可以快速将信号提取到电脑中。 此外，该软件还包含一个用于载子寿命分析的三级拟合功能，让用户能够直接完成测试和数据分析，获取有关钙钛矿或有机太阳能电池载子寿命的信息，为用户带来便利。
4. 超高性价比
组装 TPC/TPV 测试系统需要精密协调先进的仪器，这项任务既昂贵又复杂，需要进行大量的光路开发和信号整合，以及数据分析软件的开发。
光焱科技的 TPCV 测试仪提供一套完整解决方案，采用先进组件，并由拥有 20 年丰富经验 的工程师团队精心组装而成。 只需一天的培训，即可轻松上手，实时生成数据。
光焱科技的 TPCV 系统成本与单独购买组件的成本相当，其时间效率非常出色，使研究人员能够以极高的成本效益专注于钙钛矿太阳能电池的发展。
规格
光焱科技的 TPCV 系统售价与单独购买组件的价格相近，但其卓越的时间效率，能够帮助研究人员以更低的成本高效地推动钙钛矿太阳能电池的发展。
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Laser Module System Wavelength | 520nm (Optional: 405nm, 635nm, 980nm) |
| Rise Time | < 5ns |
| Fall Time | < 5ns |
| Components | Laser light guiding, fiber optic coupling |
| Signal Acquisition Device | Photocurrent signal acquisition |
| Max Measurement Bandwidth | 350MHz (-3dB) |
| Time Resolution (Rise Time) | <1.15 ns |
| Record Length | 25k |
| Sampling Rate | 5GSa/s |
| Measurement Voltage Range | 2mV/div~ 5V/div |
| Time Range | 1 ns/div to 100 s/div |
| Max Modulation Frequency | 15MHz |
| Basic Waveform Output | Sine, square, pulse, ramp wave, DC |
| Waveform Output Voltage | 20mVpp~5Vpp (HighZ), 14bits resolution |
系统设计
图为光焱科技 TPCV 系统图。
系统图概述了光焱科技用于 TPC/TPV 测量的 TPCV 系统。 它显示了一个快速激光和驱动器，产生一个以奈秒为时间尺度的激光光束，并将其指向待测组件（DUT）。 然后，待测组件产生一个由信号捕获设备捕捉的瞬时信号。 最后，来自该设备的数据被发送到电脑系统进行数据分析。 此流程图展示了从初始激光激发到最终分析太阳能电池响应的过程。
应用
二氧化锡SnO2 与二氧化钛TiO2 在钙钛矿太阳能电池中的比较：增强的电荷动力学——使用 TPC/TPV 进行的《Nature Energy》研究
图为 TPCV 在研究二氧化锡与二氧化钛在钙钛矿太阳能电池中的应用。
这篇发表在《Nature Energy》期刊上的文章详细研究了使用二氧化锡作为电子传输层来提高钙钛矿太阳能电池中电子提取效率的方法。 透过仔细的 TPC/TPV 分析，研究人员证明，二氧化锡不仅比二氧化钛更有利于电荷提取，而且有助于减少迟滞现象，从而使太阳能电池更稳定、更高效。 该论文强调了选择合适材料以优化电荷传输机制的重要性，并突出了二氧化锡在能源应用中显著提高钙钛矿太阳能电池效能的潜力。
有机太阳能电池载流子动力学 TPC/TPV寿命分析结果
上图显示一个比较不同有机太阳能电池样本载流子寿命的TPC（瞬态光电流）图表。 每条曲线代表一个不同的样本，从A-4标记到E-4，并显示了相关的载流子寿命τ_c（以微秒为单位）。 标准样本以虚线标记，指示出10.8微秒的载流子寿命，作为与被测试样本对照的基准。
图为有机太阳能电池的 TPV 曲线。 此图显示了一个 TPV（瞬时光电压）图表，显示了几个有机太阳能电池样品的电压随时间的衰减情况。 与 TPC 图表一样，样品从 A-4 到 E-4 进行识别，并以毫秒为单位标记其电压寿命 τ_v。 标准样品再次作为参考，其电压寿命为0.503毫秒，其他样品的效能可以与之比较。
在太阳光电研究中，了解太阳能电池材料内部电荷载子（电子和电洞）的复杂运动至关重要。 这种运动决定了太阳能电池将阳光转换为电能的效率。 这两张描绘 TPC 和 TPV 测量的图像，让我们得以一窥这个微观世界。
TPC 图表显示了各种有机太阳能电池样品在被光激发后，产生的电子和电洞复合的速度。 较短的载子寿命τ_c意味着更快的复合速度，这不利于太阳能电池的效率。 标准样品建立了一个基准，其τ_c为10.8微秒，这是一个相对较慢的速度，表明电荷分离效果更好，因此可能具有更高的效率。
另一方面，TPV 图表显示了由这些电荷分离产生的电压随时间衰减的速度。 较长的电压寿命 τ_v 通常表示材料可以更长时间地维持电荷载子的分离，从而更有效地从太阳能电池中提取能量。
综合来看，这些测量结果提供了对太阳能电池效能和「健康状况」的洞察。 透过比较各种材料，例如这里显示的样品，研究人员可以确定哪些成分和结构为电荷载子提供了最佳路径，从而提高太阳能转换效率。 这种电荷运动以图表和数字表示，是太阳能电池技术中载子动力学理论的核心。
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Tuning Acceptor Composition in Ternary Organic Photovoltaics–Impact of Domain Purity on Non‐Radiative Voltage Losses
Zhaozhao Bi, Hafiz Bilal Naveed, Hongbo Wu, Cankun Zhang, Xiaobo Zhou, Jing Wang, Meng Wang, Xuanhao Wu, Qinglian Zhu, Ke Zhou, Kai Chen, Cheng Wang, Zheng Tang, Wei Ma
First published: 20 March 2022 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202103735
… We further estimated the E CT by the EL and Fourier transform photocurrent spectroscopy EQE (FTPS-EQE) spectra referred from the Marcus theory. [ 61, 62 ] We applied boundary …
Reference to：FTPS、EL、EQE
High performance polymerized small molecule acceptor by synergistic optimization on π-bridge linker and side chain
Guangpei Sun, Xin Jiang, Xiaojun Li, Lei Meng, Jinyuan Zhang, Shucheng Qin, Xiaolei Kong, Jing Li, Jingming Xin, Wei Ma Yongfang Li
Published: 07 September 2022 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32964-z
… Fourier-transform photocurrent spectroscopy external quantum efficiency (FTPS-EQE) was measured by using an integrated system (PECT-600, Enlitech). External electroluminescence …
Reference to：FTPS、EQE、PECT-600
Efficient all-polymer solar cells with sequentially processed active layers
by Chaoyue Zhao, Hui Huang, Lihong Wang, Guoping Zhang, Guanyu Lu, Han Yu ,Guanghao Lu , Yulai Han ,Mingxia Qiu ,Shunpu Li and Guangye Zhang
Published: 18 May 2022 https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14102058
… In this work, we apply the sequential processing (SqP) method to address the relatively low electron mobility in recent all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) based on the polymerized small- …
Reference to：FTPS
Heteroheptacene-based acceptors with thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole yield high-performance polymer solar cells
Zhenghui Luo, Ruijie Ma, Jianwei Yu, Heng Liu, Tao Liu, Fan Ni, Jiahao Hu, Yang Zou, Anping Zeng, Chun-Jen Su, U-Ser Jeng, Xinhui Lu, Feng Gao, Chuluo Yang, He Yan
Published: 27 April 2022 https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwac076
… Rationally utilizing and developing synthetic units is of particular significance for the design of high-performance non-fullerene small-molecule acceptors (SMAs). Here, a thieno …
Reference to：FTPS
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TPC和TPV是太阳能电池性能测试中的两个重要参数，分别代表瞬态光电流（Transient PhotoCurrent）和瞬态光电压（Transient PhotoVoltage）。 它们对太阳能电池的组件转换效率有着直接的影响。
TPC是指在太阳能电池接收到光照时产生的电流的瞬态变化。 这个参数反映了电池中光生电荷载流子的收集效率。 TPC测量则关注电荷载体的生成、传输和收集效率，直接影响电池的功率输出和效率。 这些测试对于设计更高效、更可靠的光伏系统相当重要，使研究人员能够精确调控电池内部过程，开发出性能更优更高效率的太阳能电池。 如果TPC较低，意味着电池内部的电荷载流子收集速率慢，这可能会导致由于复合和扩散而产生的显著损失。 通过测量TPC，可以确定电池的内部电阻，进而找出提高光生电荷收集效率的改进方向。
TPV是指在太阳能电池接收到光照时产生的电压的瞬态变化。 这个参数反映了电池中光生电荷载流子的分离效率。 如果TPV较低，可能表明p-n结的质量较差、掺杂水平低，或者带隙与太阳能电池的光谱响应不匹配。 通过测量TPV，可以了解p-n结的质量，并找出提高光生电荷分离效率的改进方向。 通过TPV测量，可以分析电荷载体的生命周期和重组机制，帮助减少能量损失，提高电池的能量转换效率和稳定性。
以钙钛矿太阳能电池为例，TPC和TPV的测量可以帮助我们优化电池结构和材料，提高光生电荷的收集和分离效率，进而提高太阳能电池的转换效率。 比如，通过改善钙钛矿层的质量，减少缺陷，可以提高TPC和TPV，从而提高电池的整体效率。
TPC与TPV测量太阳能电池随时间变化的瞬态光电流和光电压，以分析光生电荷载流子的传输机制，并获得电荷转移寿命（来自 TPC）和电荷复合寿命（来自 TPV）。 系统利用快速激光源照射光伏原件，产生光电流或光电压信号，并进行时域测量和分析，获得瞬态光电压（TPV）和瞬态光电流随时间的变化曲线，用于了解光伏器件的内部结构和载流子动力学。
- 动态性能评估：TPCV可以帮助评估太阳能电池在光照条件变化或负载变化时的动态响应速度和稳定性。
- 设计优化： 通过瞬态光电流和瞬态光电压的测量，可以了解到太阳能电池在不同光照条件下的性能特性。
- 系统稳定性：太阳能电池系统的稳定性取决于其对光照变化的响应速度和稳定性。 通过评估瞬态光电流和瞬态光电压，可以确定太阳能电池系统在光照变化时的动态行为，从而确保系统的稳定性和可靠性。
- 性能预测：TPCV提供了对太阳能电池在不同光照条件下的性能预测能力。 这有助于太阳能电池制造商和系统设计者预测太阳能电池在不同环境条件下的性能，从而更好地满足实际应用需求。
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